ISHLAB CHIQARISHNI INVESTITSION VA INNOVATSION RIVOJLANTIRISH JARAYONINING NAZARIY VA USLUBIY ASOSLARI HAMDA ULARNING IQTISODIY SAMARADORLIGINI BAHOLASH USLUBLARI
Keywords:
Investitsiya, innovatsiya, ishlab chiqarishni rivojlantirish, NPV, IRR, Profitability Index, Payback Period, TFP (umumiy omilli unumdorlik), mehnat unumdorligi, texnologik modernizatsiya, kapital qo‘yilmalar, innovatsion faoliyat indeksi, raqobatbardoshlik, iqtisodiy samaradorlik, qo‘shimcha qiymat, resurslardan samarali foydalanish, texnologik yangilanish, sanoat korxonasi, makroiqtisodiy o‘sish modeli, investitsion-innovatsion rivojlanishAbstract
Ushbu ilmiy maqolada ishlab chiqarish jarayonini investitsion va innovatsion rivojlantirishning nazariy-metodologik asoslari, ularning o‘zaro bog‘liqligi hamda zamonaviy iqtisodiy o‘sish modelidagi o‘rni chuqur tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqotda investitsiya faoliyatining real sektor taraqqiyotiga ta’siri, innovatsion texnologiyalarni joriy etish orqali ishlab chiqarish samaradorligini oshirish mexanizmlari, resurslardan foydalanish darajasi, mehnat unumdorligi, TFP (umumiy omilli unumdorlik) kabi ko‘rsatkichlar orqali baholash yondashuvlari o‘rganilgan.
Shuningdek, investitsion loyihalarning moliyaviy samaradorligini aniqlashda qo‘llaniladigan NPV, IRR, PI va Payback Period kabi xalqaro amaliyotda keng qo‘llaniladigan uslublar ishlab chiqarish korxonasi misolida amaliy hisob-kitoblar asosida tahlil qilinadi. Innovatsion faoliyat samaradorligi esa innovatsion rivojlanish indeksi, texnologik yangilanish darajasi, tannarxning qisqarishi, qo‘shimcha qiymatning o‘sishi, eksport salohiyatining ortishi orqali baholangan.
Tadqiqot natijalari shuni ko‘rsatadiki, investitsion va innovatsion jarayonlarning uyg‘un rivojlanishi korxonalarning raqobatbardoshligini sezilarli darajada oshiradi, iqtisodiy o‘sish sur’atlariga barqaror ta’sir ko‘rsatadi hamda kapital sig‘imlilikni kamaytirib, ishlab chiqarish samaradorligini oshiradi. Ishlab chiqarishni modernizatsiya va texnologik yangilash orqali mehnat unumdorligi o‘rtacha 12–15%ga, TFP esa 2,5–3%ga o‘sishi aniqlangan. Ushbu maqola ishlab chiqarishdagi investitsion-innovatsion jarayonlarni baholashda ilmiy-uslubiy yondashuvlarni takomillashtirishga qaratilgan bo‘lib, iqtisodiyotning real sektorida strategik rejalashtirish va boshqaruv qarorlarini qabul qilishda amaliy ahamiyatga ega.
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