COMMON INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Abstract

Common infectious diseases remain a major public health challenge worldwide. They are caused by pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites, which can spread through air, water, direct contact, or vectors like insects. Despite significant medical progress, infections such as influenza, tuberculosis, pneumonia, gastrointestinal infections, and sexually transmitted diseases continue to lead to high rates of morbidity. Early diagnosis, vaccination, hygiene, and responsible use of antibiotics are essential in preventing the spread of infectious diseases. Increased global movement and climate change also contribute to the emergence and re-emergence of infectious pathogens. Understanding transmission pathways and implementing effective prevention strategies are key to reducing the burden of common infectious diseases and protecting public health