THORACIC AND ABDOMINAL AORTIC ANEURYSMS AND THEIR COMPLICATIONS
Keywords:
Aortic aneurysm, thoracic aortic aneurysm, abdominal aortic aneurysm, cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis, hypertension, aortic rupture, diagnostics, surgical treatment, endovascular therapyAbstract
This article analyzes the etiology, developmental mechanisms, clinical manifestations, complications, and contemporary treatment approaches of Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm (TAA) and Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA). Aortic aneurysm is one of the severe cardiovascular pathologies, characterized by the dilation of the vessel due to weakening of the aortic wall. This condition often remains asymptomatic for a long period and is frequently detected incidentally. However, as the aneurysm enlarges, the risk of rupture increases, potentially leading to life-threatening complications such as aortic rupture. The article examines the main risk factors for thoracic and abdominal aortic aneurysms, including atherosclerosis, hypertension, and hereditary disorders, particularly Marfan syndrome. Additionally, it provides information on diagnostic methods, such as ultrasonography, computed tomography, and angiography. The treatment approaches discussed include conservative monitoring, pharmacological therapy, and surgical interventions, including endovascular stent-graft placement. The study findings emphasize the importance of early detection and appropriate management of aortic aneurysms to prevent severe complications.
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