PHYSIOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE OF MACRO- AND MICROELEMENTS IN PLANT LIFE
Keywords:
nutrients, plant, mineral, important, elementsAbstract
Plants require a continuous supply of essential mineral nutrients to maintain growth, development, and reproduction. These nutrients are divided into macroelements and microelements based on the quantity required by plants. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the physiological roles of these elements, their involvement in biochemical and metabolic processes, and their impact on plant productivity. Macroelements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are required in large amounts and are primarily involved in structural and energy-related functions. Microelements, including iron, zinc, and boron, are needed in trace amounts but are critical for enzyme activation and regulatory processes. Deficiencies or imbalances of these nutrients can lead to significant physiological disorders, reduced crop yield, and poor plant health. The study emphasizes the importance of balanced nutrient management in sustainable agriculture
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