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THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OBESITY AND TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

Authors

  • Aziza Samariddinova

    Samarkand State Medical University
    Author

Keywords:

Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin Resistance, Adipokines, Lipotoxicity, Visceral Fat

Abstract

Obesity is the primary etiological factor in the development of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). This relationship is mediated through insulin resistance, chronic low-grade inflammation, and deleterious changes in adipokine secretion. Understanding this nexus is critical for clinical intervention and long-term management of metabolic syndrome.

References

1. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine (21st Edition)

• Section: Endocrinology and Metabolism.

• Chapter 396: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

• Pages: 2962–2965.

• Note: Detailed mechanisms of insulin receptor signaling and the impact of lipotoxicity in obese patients.

2. Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology (14th Edition)

• Unit XIV: Endocrinology and Reproduction.

• Chapter 79: Insulin, Glucagon, and Diabetes Mellitus.

• Pages: 987–990.

• Note: Physiological role of adipokines (leptin, adiponectin) and their metabolic dysregulation during weight gain.

3. Robbins Basic Pathology (10th Edition)

• Chapter 17: The Endocrine System (Diabetes Mellitus section).

• Pages: 720–724.

• Note: Pathological basis of chronic low-grade inflammation and the role of TNF-alpha in obesity-induced diabetes.

4. Williams Textbook of Endocrinology (14th Edition)

• Chapter 36: Obesity and the Regulation of Energy Metabolism.

• Pages: 1610–1615.

• Note: Comprehensive analysis of visceral adipose tissue and its direct influence on hepatic glucose production.

5. The Lancet (Medical Journal)

• Article: Global prevalence of type 2 diabetes and obesity. (2024 Edition).

• Section: Epidemiology of Metabolic Disorders.

• Pages: 412–420.

• Note: Current global statistics and the "Diabesity" epidemic.

6. The New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM)

• Article: Ectopic fat in insulin resistance and cardiometabolic disease. (Vol. 371).

• Chapter: Metabolic Syndrome.

• Pages: 1131–1141.

• Note: Analysis of how non-adipose tissue fat leads to T2DM.

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Published

2026-04-08