PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS AFFECTING LEARNING OUTCOMES IN PRIMARY EDUCATION: INSIGHTS FROM CLASSICAL AND MODERN THINKERS
Keywords:
Primary education, psychological factors, motivation, self-esteem, emotional well-being, classroom environment, individual differences, personalized learning..Abstract
This article explores the psychological factors that influence learning outcomes in primary education. Understanding these factors is critical for developing effective teaching strategies and enhancing student performance. Drawing upon the theories of classical philosophers like Avicenna (Ibn Sina [1]), Al-Farabi [2], and modern thinkers such as Maslow, this study highlights motivation, self-esteem, emotional well-being, and classroom environment as essential elements shaping learning experiences. Practical recommendations are provided for educators to create supportive and effective learning environments
References
1. Avicenna (Ibn Sina). The Book of Healing. Available from: https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/ibn-sina/
2. Al-Farabi. On the Perfect State. Available from: https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/al-farabi/
3. Maslow AH. A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review. 1943;50(4):370–396. Available from: https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Maslow/motivation.htm
4. Slavin RE. Educational Psychology: Theory and Practice. Pearson; 2018. Available from: https://www.pearson.com/
