Comparative Semantic-Functional Characteristics of Metaphor in American and Uzbek Literature
Keywords:
metaphor; semantic-functional analysis; Ernest Hemingway; Abdulla Qahhor; American literature; Uzbek literature; comparative stylisticsAbstract
This article compares how metaphor works in American and Uzbek literature, looking at both meaning (semantics) and purpose (function). It focuses on two masters of the short, exact sentence: Ernest Hemingway in the United States and Abdulla Qahhor in Uzbekistan. The article asks which images each writer prefers, what these images stand for, and what job they do in a story. Short comparisons with Whitman, Dickinson, Uzbek proverbs, and national poetry give the wider background. The study shows that both writers use simple, everyday pictures to say what is hard to say directly, and that both prefer economy to decoration. The differences lie in manner and function. Hemingway’s metaphor is cool and often structural, and it leaves feeling under the surface. Qahhor’s metaphor is warm, humorous, and sharp, and it often carries social meaning in a very small space. The article closes with notes for teachers and translators.
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